आईतबार २३ भाद्र, २०८१ (Sunday September 08, 2024)
आईतबार २३ भाद्र, २०८१ (Sunday September 08, 2024)

यक्ष प्रश्नः उपत्यकामा किन सुक्दैछन् ढुंगेधारा

आईतबार २६ असार, २०७९ परिवर्तन संम्वाददाता 2026


यक्ष प्रश्नः उपत्यकामा किन सुक्दैछन् ढुंगेधारा

 

नवलपुर, असार २६ । महाभारतको कथामा पानी पिउन आएका पाण्डवलाई यक्षले सोधेको प्रश्न यति प्रभावकारी बन्यो कि आज पनि कुनै महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्नलाई यक्ष प्रश्न भनिन्छ। तिनै यक्षको आकृति परम्परागत हिति (ढुंगेधारा) को मुन्तिर देखिन्छ। उपत्यकाका हिति कसरी सुक्दै गए भन्ने यक्ष प्रश्न फेरि पनि उठेको छ।

पद्मसुन्दर जोशीको प्राचीन हिति प्रणालीमाथि लेखिएको अनुसन्धात्मक कृृति ‘हिति प्रणाली’ मा यो प्रश्न उठाइएको छ। ‘हाम्रो हिति प्रणाली भावी पुस्ता र संसारको सबैभन्दा आधुनिक प्रविधिका लागि पनि अकल्पनीय उदाहरण हो,’ लेखक जोशी भन्छन्, ‘यस्ता हिति नासिँदै जानु दुःखद पक्ष हो।’ काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा रहेका ५ सय ७३ हितिमध्ये २ सयवटामा मात्र पानी चल्ने २ सय ८० हिति सुकेको उनले जानकारी दिए। ‘कति हिति त यहाँ थिए भन्ने अवस्थामा पनि छैनन्,’ उनी भन्छन्, ‘त्यसैले भएका हितिहरूको प्रवद्र्धन गर्नु र बिग्रन लागेकालाई संरक्षण गर्नु अत्यन्त जरुरी छ।’

बढ्दो सहरीकरणसँगै मल्लकालीन राजकुलो मासिँदा नगरका ढुंगेधारा सुकेका छन्। पानी नआउँदा धारा क्षेत्र मासिनुका साथै योसँगै जोडिएका संस्कृति संकटमा परेको जोशी बताउँछन्। ढुंगेधारामा पानी आउने जलाधार क्षेत्रको सम्बन्ध टुट्नु र पोखरीलगायत रिचार्ज हुने प्रक्रिया पनि अवरुद्ध भएकाले समस्या आएको उनले बताए। हिति प्रणालीमा राजकुलो, पोखरी, भूमिगत जलभण्डार, नाभिमण्डल, हितिधुम, हितिगाँ, हितिमंगद र निकासी प्रणाली गरी आठ भाग हुने उनले बताए। ‘हितिमा पानी आउन राजकुलो र पोखरीको उत्तिकै भूमिका हुन्छ,’ उनी भन्छन्, ‘अहिले त पोखरीमा बनेका घरमा आउने बाटोमा परिणत भएको छ राजकुलो।’

काठमाडौं उपत्यकामा किराँतकालको जगमा लिच्छविकालमा विकास भएको हिति सभ्यताले मल्लकालमा व्यापकता पाएको थियो। अहिले हिति सभ्यता अस्तव्यस्त छ। हिति (ढुंगेधारा) सुक्दै गएका छन्। यसको कारण खोजेर सभ्यता र इतिहास बोकेका हितिहरूको प्रवद्र्धन र संरक्षण गर्नु जरुरी छ।

हरेक ढुंगेधारामा पानीको प्रतीकका रूपमा गोही, भ्यागुता, सर्प, कछुवा आदिको कलात्मक आकृति कुँदिएका छन्। उपत्यकाका अधिकांश धाराका स्रोत बुढानीलकण्ठ, बागेश्वरी लेले तथा गोदावरी क्षेत्रका जलाधार क्षेत्र हुन्। ‘एकातिर राजकुलो मासिए, अर्कातिर पोखरी पुरिए,’ उनले भने, ‘यसको असर पानीको सतह घट्यो अनि हिति सुके।’ ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमिलाई हेर्दा काठमाडौंमा ५० वटा बस्ती रहेको उनी बताउँछन्। किराँतकालको जगमा लिच्छविकालमा विकास भएको हिति सभ्यताले मल्लकालमा व्यापकता पाएको उनी बताउँछन्। नागरिक दैनिकबाट




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